TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the migration of chemicals from baby bottles under standardised and duration testing conditions. JF - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess Y1 - 2016 A1 - Onghena, Matthias A1 - Els Van Hoeck A1 - Negreira, Noelia A1 - Quirynen, Laurent A1 - Joris Van Loco A1 - Covaci, Adrian KW - Animals KW - Belgium KW - Bottle Feeding KW - Detergents KW - Diffusion KW - European Union KW - Food Contamination KW - Hot Temperature KW - Materials Testing KW - microwaves KW - milk KW - Models, Chemical KW - Nylons KW - Plasticizers KW - plastics KW - Polyesters KW - Polymers KW - Polypropylenes KW - Silicones KW - Sterilization KW - Sulfones AB -

After the prohibition of bisphenol-A-containing polycarbonate baby bottles in the European Union (EU), alternative materials, such as polypropylene, polyethersulphone, Tritan™ copolyester, etc., have appeared on the market. Based on an initial screening and in vitro toxicity assessment, the most toxic migrating compounds were selected to be monitored and quantified using validated GC- and LC-QqQ-MS methods. The effect of several 'real-life-use conditions', such as microwave, sterilisation and dishwasher, on the migration of different contaminants was evaluated by means of duration tests. These results were compared with a reference treatment (filling five times with pre-heated simulant at 40°C) and with the legal EU 'repetitive-use conditions' (three migrations, 2 h at 70°C). Analysis of the third migration step of the EU repetitive-use conditions (which has to comply with the EU legislative migration limits) showed that several non-authorised compounds were observed in some baby bottles exceeding 10 µg kg(-1). However, all authorised compounds were detected well below their respective specific migration limits (SMLs). The reference experiment confirmed the migration of some of the compounds previously detected in the EU repetitive-use experiment, though at lower concentrations. Analysis of extracts from the microwave and dishwasher experiments showed a reduction in the migration during the duration tests. In general, the concentrations found were low and comparable with the reference experiment. Similar observations were made for the two sterilisation types: steam and cooking sterilisation. However, steam sterilisation seems to be more recommended for daily use of baby bottles, since it resulted in a lower release of substances afterwards. Repeated use of baby bottles under 'real-life' conditions showed no increase in the migration of investigated compounds and, after some time, the migration of these compounds even became negligible.

VL - 33 CP - 5 U1 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27043734?dopt=Abstract M3 - 10.1080/19440049.2016.1171914 ER -