<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makinen,J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marjamaki,M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haanpera-Heikkinen,M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marttila,H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endourova,L.B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Presnova,S.E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanessa Mathys</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bifani,P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruohonen,R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viljanen,M.K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soini,H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extremely high prevalence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Murmansk, Russia: a population-based study36555</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eur.J.Clin.Microbiol.Infect.Dis.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ALL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antitubercular Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">at</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">classification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DRUG</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electronic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High prevalence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">im</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isolation &amp; purification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">journal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratories</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Sensitivity Tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Typing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">national</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pharmacology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism,Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">POPULATION</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">population based</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">population-based</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population-based studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">population-based study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prevalence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">region</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rifampin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SB - IM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">strain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surveillance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Target</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Targets</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis,Multidrug-Resistant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">welfare</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0/9/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1126</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1119 - 1126</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug resistance and molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in the Murmansk region was investigated in a 2-year, population-based surveillance of the civilian population. During 2003 and 2004, isolates from all culture-positive cases were collected (n = 1,226). Prevalence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) was extremely high, as 114 out of 439 new cases (26.0%), and 574 out of 787 previously treated cases (72.9%) were resistant to at least isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF). Spoligotyping of the primary MDR-TB isolates revealed that most isolates grouped to the Beijing SIT1 genotype (n = 91, 79.8%). Isolates of this genotype were further analyzed by IS6110 RFLP. Sequencing of gene targets associated with INH and RIF resistance further showed that the MDR-TB strains are highly homogeneous as 78% of the MDR, SIT1 strains had the same resistance-conferring mutations. The genetic homogeneity of the MDR-TB strains indicates that they are actively transmitted in Murmansk</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38273</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1119</style></section></record></records></xml>