<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saegerman, Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mellor, Philip</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uyttenhoef, Aude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jean-Baptiste Hanon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirschvink, Nathalie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haubruge, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delcroix, Pierre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Houtain, Jean-Yves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pourquier, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frank Vandenbussche</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verheyden, Bart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kris De Clercq</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Czaplicki, Guy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The most likely time and place of introduction of BTV8 into Belgian ruminants.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS One</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS One</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bluetongue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bluetongue virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ceratopogonidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insect Vectors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population Density</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Viral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruminants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotyping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheep Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Feb 24</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e9405</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;In northern Europe, bluetongue (BT) caused by the BT virus (BTV), serotype 8, was first notified in August 2006 and numerous ruminant herds were affected in 2007 and 2008. However, the origin and the time and place of the original introduction have not yet been determined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: &lt;/b&gt;Four retrospective epidemiological surveys have been performed to enable determination of the initial spatiotemporal occurrence of this emerging disease in southern Belgium: investigations of the first recorded outbreaks near to the disease epicenter; a large anonymous, random postal survey of cattle herds and sheep flocks; a random historical milk tank survey of samples tested with an indirect ELISA and a follow-up survey of non-specific health indicators. The original introduction of BTV into the region probably occurred during spring 2006 near to the National Park of Hautes Fagnes and Eifel when Culicoides become active.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: &lt;/b&gt;The determination of the most likely time and place of introduction of BTV8 into a country is of paramount importance to enhance awareness and understanding and, to improve modeling of vector-borne emerging infectious diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20195379?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>