<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margaux M I Meslé</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeremy Brown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piers Mook</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark A Katz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Hagan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberta Pastore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benka, Bernhard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monika Redlberger-Fritz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nathalie Bossuyt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veerle Stouten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catharina Vernemmen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elisabet Constantinou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marek Maly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Kynčl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ondrej Sanca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyra Grove Krause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lasse Skafte Vestergaard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuija Leino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poukka, Eero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gkolfinopoulou, Kassiani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mellou, Kassiani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Tsintziloni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zsuzsanna Molnár</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudrun Aspelund</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marianna Thordardottir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domegan, Lisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kelly, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joan O'Donell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urdiales, Alberto-Mateo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riccardo, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sacco, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bumšteinas, Viktoras</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasa Liausediene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mossong, Joel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vergison, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria-Louise Borg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanya Melillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dragan Kocinski</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollozhani, Enkela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinta Meijerink</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana Costa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">João Paulo Gomes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedro Pinto Leite</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alina Druc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutu, Veaceslav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentin Mita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihaela Lazar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodica Popescu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Odette Popovici</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monika Musilová</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maja Mrzel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maja Socan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veronika Učakar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aurora Limia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clara Mazagatos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen Olmedo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gavin Dabrera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kall, Meaghan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinnathamby, Mary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graham McGowan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jim McMenamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirsty Morrison</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dorit Nitzan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marc-Alain Widdowson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catherine Smallwood</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard Pebody</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WHO European Respiratory Surveillance Network</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estimated number of lives directly saved by COVID-19 vaccination programmes in the WHO European Region from December, 2020, to March, 2023: a retrospective surveillance study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet Respir Med</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged, 80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19 Vaccines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunization Programs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">middle aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">World Health Organization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;By March, 2023, 54 countries, areas, and territories (hereafter CAT) in the WHO European Region had reported more than 2·2 million COVID-19-related deaths to the WHO Regional Office for Europe. Here, we estimated how many lives were directly saved by vaccinating adults in the WHO European Region from December, 2020, to March, 2023.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;In this retrospective surveillance study, we estimated the number of lives directly saved by age group, vaccine dose, and circulating variant-of-concern (VOC) period, regionally and nationally, using weekly data on COVID-19 mortality and infection, COVID-19 vaccination uptake, and SARS-CoV-2 virus characterisations by lineage downloaded from The European Surveillance System on June 11, 2023, as well as vaccine effectiveness data from the literature. We included data for six age groups (25-49 years, 50-59 years, ≥60 years, 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and ≥80 years). To be included in the analysis, CAT needed to have reported both COVID-19 vaccination and mortality data for at least one of the four older age groups. Only CAT that reported weekly data for both COVID-19 vaccination and mortality by age group for 90% of study weeks or more in the full study period were included. We calculated the percentage reduction in the number of expected and reported deaths.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;FINDINGS: &lt;/b&gt;Between December, 2020, and March, 2023, in 34 of 54 CAT included in the analysis, COVID-19 vaccines reduced deaths by 59% overall (CAT range 17-82%), representing approximately 1·6 million lives saved (range 1·5-1·7 million) in those aged 25 years or older: 96% of lives saved were aged 60 years or older and 52% were aged 80 years or older; first boosters saved 51% of lives, and 60% were saved during the Omicron period.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTERPRETATION: &lt;/b&gt;Over nearly 2·5 years, most lives saved by COVID-19 vaccination were in older adults by first booster dose and during the Omicron period, reinforcing the importance of up-to-date vaccination among the most at-risk individuals. Further modelling work should evaluate indirect effects of vaccination and public health and social measures.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;FUNDING: &lt;/b&gt;US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.&lt;/p&gt;
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