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Vaccination of birds other than chickens and turkeys against avian influenza.

of serological data. Whenever experimental challenge was performed in birds other than chickens and turkeys, vaccination using inactivated vaccines always protected against disease and mortality, ...

Characterization and distribution of NKD, a receptor for Drosophila tachykinin-related peptide 64390

Drosophila central nervous system (CNS), agonist-dependent activation and distribution of NKD have not yet been investigated in depth. In the present study, we have challenged NKD-expressing mammalian and ...

Prime-boost vaccination with a fowlpox vector and an inactivated avian influenza vaccine is highly immunogenic in Pekin ducks challenged with Asian H5N1 HPAI.

response and the lowest antibody increase after challenge were observed in the group of ducks whose immune system was primed with the fowlpox vectored vaccine and boosted with the inactivated vaccine, ...

An outbreak of measles in orthodox Jewish communities in Antwerp, Belgium, 2007-2008: different reasons for accumulation of susceptibles.

of smaller susceptible groups for measles transmission and vaccination of these groups represent a major challenge for the measles elimination programme. Health Topics:  Health and disease monitoring ...

Marginal structural models for partial exposure regimes.

This is challenging because of the presence of time-dependent confounders, such as mechanical ventilation, which lie on the causal path from infection to mortality. Standard statistical analyses may be ...

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of tuberculosis subunit vaccines expressing PPE44 (Rv2770c).

intratracheal challenge with M. tuberculosis resulted in a protective efficacy comparable to the one afforded by BCG. Taken together these results indicate that PPE44 of M. tuberculosis is a protective antigen ...

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccines encoding MAP0586c and MAP4308c of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis secretome.

identified. Finally, MAP infected mice generated strong MAP0586 c-specific T cell responses and MAP0586 c DNA vaccination could protect BALB /c but not C57BL /6 mice against MAP challenge mice to the same ...

Vaccination of calves using the BRSV nucleocapsid protein in a DNA prime-protein boost strategy stimulates cell-mediated immunity and protects the lungs against BRSV replication and pathology.

a lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production. These responses were enhanced after protein boost. After challenge, mock-vaccinated calves displayed gross pneumonic lesions and viral replication in the lungs. In ...

Indirect foot-and-mouth disease vaccine potency testing based on a serological alternative.

(FMD) vaccine potency testing has historically been performed by experimentally infecting vaccinated cattle. A few alternative approaches to the in vivo challenge test based on the correlation between ...

Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine potency testing in cattle using homologous and heterologous challenge strains: precision of the "Protection against Podal Generalisation" test.

precision of the in vivo “Protection against Podal Generalisation” (PPG) FMD vaccine potency test in cattle using homologous (vaccine quality control) and heterologous (vaccine matching) viral challenge. The ...

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