<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M C Payen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Muylle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandenberg, O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanessa Mathys</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Delforge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Van den Wijngaert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Clumeck</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Wit, S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meropenem-clavulanate for drug-resistant tuberculosis: a follow-up of relapse-free cases.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Tuberc Lung Dis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbapenems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">repurposed drugs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XDR-TB</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Jan 01</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), defined as TB caused by a Mycobacterium strain resistant to at least rifampicin, isoniazid, any fluoroquinolone and one of the injectable anti-tuberculosis drugs, remains a worldwide public health threat. Among repurposed drugs empirically used for XDR-TB cases, carbapenems have been studied in vitro and in animal models, with encouraging results. However, only short-term follow-up data from clinical studies are currently available.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;To study the long-term follow-up of XDR-TB cases treated with a regimen containing meropenem-clavulanate (M/Clav).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;Retrospective observational case series study at a single hospital.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;All hospitalised drug-resistant TB patients who received M/Clav as part of their treatment from 2009 to 2016 were included. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from medical records.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Eighteen XDR-TB patients were included in the analysis. The successful outcome and mortality rates were respectively 83.3% and 11.1%. No relapses were observed in cured patients after a median follow-up of 4 years. No specific adverse events were attributed to treatment with M/Clav.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;The rate of sustained successful treatment outcome observed here is far higher than the 26% observed in the 2014 World Health Organization XDR-TB cohort, suggesting that carbapenems may be beneficial for the treatment of difficult-to-treat TB cases.&lt;/p&gt;
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