<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeleine Guyot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingrid Pelgrims</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raf Aerts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keune, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roy Remmen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eva M De Clercq</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isabelle Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sophie O. Vanwambeke,</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non-response bias in the analysis of the association between mental health and the urban environment: a cross-sectional study in Brussels, Belgium</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archives of Public Health</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brussels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non-response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urban Environment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-12-2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Background&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This paper aims at analysing the impact of partial non-response in the association between urban environment and mental health in Brussels. The potential threats of the partial non-response are biases in survey estimates and statistics. The effect of non-response on statistical associations is often overlooked and evidence in the research literature is lacking.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Methods&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Data from the Belgian Health Interview Survey&amp;nbsp;2008 and 2013 were used. The association between non-response and potential determinants was explored through logistic regressions.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Results&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Participants with low income, low educational levels, lower or higher age or in households with children were less likely to respond. When adjusting for socio-economic variables, non-response was higher in areas which are less vegetated, more polluted or more urbanised. Because the determinants of non-response and depressive disorders were similar, it is reasonable to assume that there will be more people with mental health problems among the non-respondents. And because more non-responses were found in low vegetation areas, the protective association between green spaces and mental health may be underestimated.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Conclusion&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Our capacity to measure the association between the urban environment and health is affected by non-response in surveys. The non-random spatial and socio-economic distribution of this bias affects the research findings.&lt;/p&gt;
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