TY - JOUR T1 - Pleuromutilins: use in food-producing animals in the European Union, development of resistance and impact on human and animal health. JF - J Antimicrob Chemother Y1 - 2014 A1 - van Duijkeren, Engeline A1 - Greko, Christina A1 - Pringle, Märit A1 - Baptiste, Keith Edward A1 - Boudewijn Catry A1 - Jukes, Helen A1 - Moreno, Miguel A A1 - Pomba, M Constança Matias Ferreira A1 - Pyörälä, Satu A1 - Rantala, Merja A1 - Ruzauskas, Modestas A1 - Sanders, Pascal A1 - Teale, Christopher A1 - Threlfall, E John A1 - Torren-Edo, Jordi A1 - Törneke, Karolina KW - Animals KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - Brachyspira hyodysenteriae KW - Diterpenes KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial KW - European Union KW - Humans KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Mycoplasma Infections KW - Poultry KW - Poultry Diseases KW - Rabbits KW - Swine KW - Swine Diseases AB -

Pleuromutilins (tiamulin and valnemulin) are antimicrobial agents that are used mainly in veterinary medicine, especially for swine and to a lesser extent for poultry and rabbits. In pigs, tiamulin and valnemulin are used to treat swine dysentery, spirochaete-associated diarrhoea, porcine proliferative enteropathy, enzootic pneumonia and other infections where Mycoplasma is involved. There are concerns about the reported increases in the MICs of tiamulin and valnemulin for porcine Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates from different European countries, as only a limited number of antimicrobials are available for the treatment of swine dysentery where resistance to these antimicrobials is already common and widespread. The loss of pleuromutilins as effective tools to treat swine dysentery because of further increases in resistance or as a consequence of restrictions would present a considerable threat to pig health, welfare and productivity. In humans, only one product containing pleuromutilins (retapamulin) is authorized currently for topical use; however, products for oral and intravenous administration to humans with serious multidrug-resistant skin infections and respiratory infections, including those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are being developed. The objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the usage of pleuromutilins, resistance development and the potential impact of this resistance on animal and human health.

VL - 69 CP - 8 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24793902?dopt=Abstract M3 - 10.1093/jac/dku123 ER -