<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wenseleers, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ito, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven Van Borm</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huybrechts, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volckaert, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Billen, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widespread occurrence of the micro-organism Wolbachia in ants.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc Biol Sci</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc Biol Sci</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disorders of Sex Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polymerase chain reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reproduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rickettsiaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Determination Processes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species Specificity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998 Aug 07</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">265</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1447-52</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;For more than 20 years, sex allocation in hymenopteran societies has been a major topic in insect sociobiology. A recurring idea was that relatedness asymmetrics arising from their haplodiploid sex determination system would lead to various parent-offspring conflicts over optimal reproduction. A possible weakness of existing theory is that only interests of nuclear genes are properly accounted for. Yet, a diversity of maternally transmitted elements manipulate the reproduction of their host in many solitary arthropod groups. The bacterium Wolbachia is a striking example of such a selfish cytoplasmic element, with effects ranging from reproductive incompatibility between host strains, induction of parthenogenesis and feminization of males. This paper reports on a first PCR-based Wolbachia screening in ants. Out of 50 Indo-Australian species, 50% screened positive for an A-group strain. One of these species also harboured a B-group strain in a double infection. Various factors that might explain the unusually high incidence of Wolbachia in ants are discussed. In general, Wolbachia may represent a widespread and previously unrecognized party active in the conflicts of interest within social insect colonies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1404</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9721689?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>