<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heidi Demaegdt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daminet, Britt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annick Evrard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scippo, Marie-Louise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muller, Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pussemier, Luc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Callebaut</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karine Vandermeiren</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endocrine activity of mycotoxins and mycotoxin mixtures.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food Chem Toxicol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food Chem. Toxicol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cells, Cultured</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endocrine disruptors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genes, Reporter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luciferases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycotoxins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteoblasts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poisons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PPAR gamma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, Androgen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, Estrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, Thyroid Hormone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">96</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107-16</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Reporter gene assays incorporating nuclear receptors (estrogen, androgen, thyroid β and PPARγ2) have been implemented to assess the endocrine activity of 13 mycotoxins and their mixtures. As expected, zearalenone and its metabolites α-zearalenol and β- zearalenol turned out to have the strongest estrogenic potency (EC50 8,7 10-10 ± 0,8; 3,1 10-11 ± 0,5 and 1,3 10-8 ± 0,3 M respectively). The metabolite of deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol also had estrogenic activity (EC50 3,8 10-7 ± 1,1 M). Furthermore, most of the mycotoxins (and their mixtures) showed anti-androgenic effects (15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol and α-zearalenol with potencies within one order of magnitude of that of the reference compound flutamide). In particular, deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol acted as antagonists for the PPARy2 receptor. When testing mixtures of mycotoxins on the same cell systems, we showed that most of the mixtures reacted as predicted by the concentration addition (CA) theory. Generally, the CA was within the 95% confidence interval of the observed ones, only minor deviations were detected. Although these reporter gene tests cannot be directly extrapolated in vivo, they can be the basis for further research. Especially the additive effects of ZEN and its metabolites are of importance and could have repercussions in vivo.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27481073?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>