<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodolphe Michiels</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Roels</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nick Vereecke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elisabeth Mathijs</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurent Mostin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nick De Regge</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species-Specific Humoral Immune Responses in Sheep and Goats upon Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infections Inversely Correlate with Protection against Virus Replication and Pathological Lesions.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Mol Sci</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibodies, Viral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goat Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunity, Humoral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lung</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mammary Glands, Animal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species Specificity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viral Load</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virus Replication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visna-maedi virus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021 Sep 11</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Maedi-Visna-like genotype A strains and Caprine arthritis encephaltis-like genotype B strains are small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) which, for incompletely understood reasons, appear to be more virulent in sheep and goats, respectively. A 9-month in vivo infection experiment using Belgian genotype A and B SRLV strains showed that almost all homologous (genotype A in sheep; genotype B in goats) and heterologous (genotype A in goats; genotype B in sheep) intratracheal inoculations resulted in productive infection. No differences in viremia and time to seroconversion were observed between homologous and heterologous infections. Higher viral loads and more severe lesions in the mammary gland and lung were however detected at 9 months post homologous compared to heterologous infection which coincided with strongly increased IFN-γ mRNA expression levels upon homologous infection. Pepscan analysis revealed a strong antibody response against immune-dominant regions of the capsid and surface proteins upon homologous infection, which was absent after heterologous infection. These results inversely correlated with protection against virus replication in target organs and observed histopathological lesions, and thus require an in-depth evaluation of a potential role of antibody dependent enhancement in SRLV infection. Finally, no horizontal intra- and cross-species SRLV transmission to contact animals was detected.&lt;/p&gt;
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