Burden assessment plays an increasingly important and accepted role in food safety decision making. Burden assessment is a top–down approach that uses available epidemiological data, for example, generated through surveillance systems, to generate estimates of the health and economic impact of the concerned foodborne disease. In this Chapter, we review methods for quantifying the health and economic impact of Campylobacter. Estimates of the health impact of Campylobacter, quantified as the number of disability-adjusted life years due to acute illness, sequelae, and death, are now available at global and national level. Campylobacter is estimated to be the sixth most important contributor to the global burden of foodborne disease, and is consistently ranked among the leading causes of foodborne disease burden in high-income countries. Estimates of the Campylobacter cost-of-illness (COI) are available for several countries, and information is increasingly being generated on industry and government costs.